Struts and shocks

The dampers that control suspension movement; a strut also carries the spring and locates the wheel.

Also called: strut · shock absorber · damper

What it means

Definition

Both are dampers: they control how the suspension settles after a bump rather than hold the car up, which is the spring's job. ZF, an OE damper maker, makes the point that the term shock absorber is therefore actually misleading — strictly speaking, it is a vibration absorber.

Why a buyer cares

What it changes

They wear gradually, so a short test drive rarely reveals them. Inspection codes give a definite failure test: Virginia fails a vehicle where shock absorbers are missing, disconnected, broken, bent, loose or do not function properly.

In practice

Where you meet it

On inspection sheets under suspension, and felt as float over undulations or clunking over sharp bumps.

Two things that look alike

Not the same as

Shocks is used loosely for both, so an invoice or an inspection report may say shock where the car has a strut.

Where this comes from

Sources

The usual distinction — that a strut carries the spring and helps locate the wheel while a shock only damps — is not drawn here, because no quotable sentence for it was found. ZF's damper page names suspension struts without defining them, and Virginia's suspension section does not use the word at all; both were re-read on 2026-08-13.