Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)

The code an OBD-II system stores to identify which monitored system it found a fault in.

Also called: DTC · fault code · engine code

What it means

Definition

A DTC is the standardised code the vehicle's computer stores when a monitored system reports a fault. Federal emissions regulation refers to these as generic SAE J2012 codes and cites examples in the P0xxx form. Some emissions codes are permanent: the Bureau of Automotive Repair notes that permanent DTCs are the same as regular codes but cannot be erased with a scan tool or by disconnecting the battery.

Why a buyer cares

What it changes

A stored code names the system the computer flagged, so a scan before purchase gives a starting point independent of what the dashboard is showing at that moment.

In practice

Where you meet it

On a scan-tool printout, an inspection report, or a mechanic's diagnostic summary, written like P0456.

Two things that look alike

Not the same as

The code is stored data; the dashboard lamp is what the system switches on once a code is confirmed.

Where this comes from

Sources

What the letter prefixes P, B, C and U stand for was not sourced, so the entry leaves it out. No claim is made about what any individual code number means beyond the regulation's own EVAP example.