Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)

The system that detects significantly under-inflated tires and lights a dashboard telltale.

Also called: TPMS · tire pressure light

What it means

Definition

The federal standard defines a tire pressure monitoring system as a system that detects when one or more of a vehicle's tires is significantly under-inflated and illuminates a low tire pressure warning telltale. NHTSA describes the chain: information collected by the sensors is transmitted to an on-board processor that interprets the signals and warns the driver by illuminating the TPMS symbol. Direct systems read pressure from sensors inside the wheels; indirect systems infer it from wheel-speed data.

Why a buyer cares

What it changes

A telltale that stays lit after the tires are correctly inflated points at the system rather than the tires — a flat sensor battery, a damaged sensor, or sensors never relearned after a tire change.

In practice

Where you meet it

The horseshoe-shaped telltale on the cluster, and tire-shop invoices reading TPMS sensor or TPMS relearn.

Two things that look alike

Not the same as

The doorjamb placard lists the pressures the vehicle was designed for; TPMS is the system that watches them.

Where this comes from

Sources

NHTSATires — TireWise
The information collected by the sensors is transmitted to an on-board processor that interprets the sensor signals and warns the driver when tire pressure is below the acceptable level by illuminating the TPMS symbol on your dashboard.
Checked 2026-08-12